Battery Comparison: Energy Density, Cycle Life, Efficiency, DoD, Charging Speed, Safety, Cost per kWh, Lifetime Cost, Environmental Impact and Applications.
|
Feature |
LFP Battery |
LTO Battery |
NMH Battery |
Lead Acid Battery |
Li-ion Battery |
Sodium-ion Battery |
|
Energy Density (Wh/kg) |
90-160 Wh/kg (up
to 205 Wh/kg) |
60-120 Wh/kg |
150-220 Wh/kg
(up to 300 Wh/kg) |
30-50 Wh/Kg |
50-260 Wh/Kg |
120-200 Wh/Kg |
|
Cycle Life |
2,000-6,000+ |
7,000-20,000+ |
1,000 -2,000 |
300-500 |
500-1000 |
3,000-5,000 |
|
Efficiency |
90-95% |
85-90% |
90-95% |
50-80% |
85-90% |
NA |
|
Depth of Discharge (DoD) |
80% - 100% |
Up to 100% |
70% - 80% |
50% |
70% - 90% |
NA |
|
Charging Speed |
Medium (3-4
hours) |
Very rapid
(under 30 minutes) |
Rapid (1-2
hours) |
Sluggish (12–16
hours ) |
Medium (2-4
hours) |
Very rapid; some
models charge to 80% in 15 minutes |
|
Safety |
High safety,
less prone to fire/explosion |
Very high
safety, resistant to thermal runaway |
Moderate risk of
thermal runaway |
Moderate safety
profile but it can emit harmful gases if overcharged. |
Higher risk of
thermal runaway. |
Some chemistries
may have higher risks, while others may be safer. |
|
Cost per kWh |
$70-$100/kWh |
$150-$200/kWh |
$100-$140/kWh |
$50-$100/kWh |
$115-$139/kWh |
~$50/kWh (for
the cell) |
|
Life Time Cost |
Lower (longer
life, fewer replacement) |
Lower (longer
life, fewer replacement) |
Lower (if the higher
energy density is utilized) |
Higher (frequent
replacement) |
|
Emerging
technology |
|
Environmental Impact |
More
eco-friendly, easier to recycle |
Long lifespan mitigates
impact |
Ethical concerns
due to cobalt mining |
High
environmental risks due to toxic heavy metal (lead) |
Ethical concerns
due to lithium mining |
Lower
environmental impact |
Applications |
Renewable energy
storage, electric buses |
Fast-charging stations,
grid storage |
Electric
vehicles (EVs) |
Starter motors
for cars, Home, solar |
Portable
electronics like and power tools |
Primarily used
for grid-scale energy storage |

মন্তব্যসমূহ
একটি মন্তব্য পোস্ট করুন